For many years, we referred to this condition as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). In 2026, an international consensus published in The Lancet recommended changing the name to Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) to better reflect what the condition truly is: a complex disorder that affects much more than the ovaries.
PMOS is one of the most common hormonal conditions in women. It affects roughly 1 in 8 women worldwide. If you were diagnosed with PCOS in the past, that diagnosis carries forward as PMOS. The name changed, but the condition and your care did not.
The new name helps patients and healthcare providers recognize that PMOS is not simply a reproductive condition. It involves hormones, metabolism and long-term health throughout the body.
Why did PCOS get a new name?
The term “Polycystic Ovary Syndrome” has always been somewhat misleading.
Many women diagnosed with PCOS don’t actually have ovarian cysts. Instead, the ovaries may contain numerous small follicles that are part of the normal ovulation process but have not matured properly. Even more importantly, the name focused only on the ovaries, despite the condition affecting multiple body systems.
The updated name, Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome, better reflects three key aspects of the condition:
- Polyendocrine: Multiple hormone systems are involved.
- Metabolic: Many patients experience insulin resistance and changes in how their body processes energy.
- Ovarian: The ovaries remain an important part of the condition, particularly regarding ovulation and menstrual cycles.
PMOS looks different for every woman
Diagnosing PMOS can be challenging because no two patients experience it exactly the sameway.
Some women primarily notice irregular periods, while others seek care because of acne, excess facial hair, difficulty becoming pregnant, or challenges with weight management.
Common symptoms include:
- Irregular or absent menstrual cycles
- Acne or oily skin
- Unwanted hair growth
- Difficulty with ovulation
- Fertility concerns
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
Not every patient has every symptom, and symptoms can change over time.
What causes PMOS?
Researchers continue to study PMOS, but we know several factors play an important role.
Many women with PMOS have insulin resistance, meaning the body’s cells don’t respond efficiently to insulin. This can lead to higher insulin levels, which may stimulate the ovaries to produce more androgens (also called “male hormones”). Elevated androgen levels contribute to many of the symptoms patients experience.
Genetics also play a significant role. PMOS often runs in families, suggesting inherited factors influence who develops the condition.
Is PMOS the same as PCOS?
Yes. PMOS and PCOS describe the same condition. Only the name has changed. If you were diagnosed with PCOS before, you do not need a new diagnosis or new testing. Your treatment plan stays the same.
The change will roll out gradually over the next few years as clinical guidelines and medical records update. You may see both names used during this transition. When in doubt, ask your provider. They can confirm that PMOS and PCOS mean the same thing for your care.
Changes you can make in your routine
Because PMOS is tied to hormones and metabolism, daily habits can help you manage symptoms and support long-term health. These changes work best alongside the care plan you build with your provider. Small, steady steps tend to last longer than big changes all at once.
- Getting 7–9 hours of sleep each night
- Eating balanced meals that include protein, fiber, and healthy fats
- Choosing whole grains more often than refined carbohydrates
- Limiting sugary beverages and highly processed foods
- Exercising at least 150 minutes each week
- Including strength training two or three times weekly
- Managing stress through activities such as prayer, meditation, journaling, or spending time outdoors
Your OB/GYN plays an important role
An OB/GYN can help manage:
- Irregular or heavy menstrual cycles
- Ovulation concerns
- Fertility planning
- Acne and excess hair growth
- Hormonal treatment options, including birth control when appropriate
- Screening for complications related to reproductive health
The goal of your OB/GYN isn’t simply to treat symptoms but to also help patients understand their condition and develop a long-term plan that supports both reproductive and overall health.
When you may be referred to a medical weight loss specialist
Some individuals with PMOS experience insulin resistance, weight gain, difficulty losing weight, or other metabolic concerns.
Your OB/GYN may recommend a consultation with NGPG Medical Weight Loss, a medically supervised, non-surgical program designed to support long-term success through personalized care.
Services May Include:
- Personalized nutrition guidance
- Meal planning support
- Healthy lifestyle and behavior coaching
- Physical activity recommendations
- Prescription weight-loss medications when appropriate
- Evaluation by obesity medicine specialists
- Support from registered dietitians and other specialists
When you may need an endocrinologist
Because PMOS affects metabolism as well as reproductive health, some patients benefit from working with an endocrinologist.
An endocrinologist specializes in hormone disorders and may become involved if you have:
- Insulin resistance
- Prediabetes or diabetes
- Elevated cholesterol
- Significant metabolic concerns
- Difficulty managing weight despite treatment
- Hormone abnormalities requiring additional evaluation
Rather than replacing your OB/GYN, an endocrinologist often becomes part of your healthcare team, allowing both specialists to address different aspects of the condition.
Find the right care for PMOS
If you are dealing with irregular periods, acne, unwanted hair growth, or trouble getting pregnant, you do not have to sort it out alone. An OB/GYN can help you understand your symptoms, confirm a diagnosis, and manage the reproductive side of PMOS. If your symptoms are more metabolic, such as insulin resistance, prediabetes, or trouble managing weight, an endocrinologist can help with that side of your care. For many women, the two work together as one team. Whether you were diagnosed years ago or are just starting to look for answers, the right support makes a difference.
When additional support is needed, your OB/GYN can also connect you with the right specialists, including endocrinologists for hormone and metabolic concerns or medical weight loss specialists for personalized weight management strategies. By coordinating your care and helping you navigate available treatment options, your OB/GYN serves as an important partner in managing PMOS. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or have been living with the condition for years, the right care team can help you take control of your health and feel your best.
Find an OB/GYN near you and schedule an appointment today.